What is AI

Artificial Intelligence is a discipline of Computer Science, similar to how physics is a discipline. Artificial Intelligence tries to design computer systems that emulate humans.

Machine Learning is a sub field of Artificial Intelligence. In Machine learning, a model is trained on either labeled data (supervised learning), or unlabeled data (unsupervised learning). The model is then used to make predictions on data it has never seen before. It will make a decision based on its training data. Machine learning has a number of ways to train the model:

Supervised learning
Unsupervised Learning
Deep learning

Deep learning is a combination of supervised and unsupervised learning, where a small amount of data is labeled and the rest is not labeled.

There are two types of models:

Discriminative models
Generative Models

The discriminative models are trained on labels and data, for the purpose of determining the label of future data (which is unlabeled). For example, give it a picture of a dog and ask it what it is.

Generative models are trained on unlabeled data, with the purpose of generating new content based on the trained data. For example, give it a picture of a dog and it generates more pictures of dogs.